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http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/goto?id=OBJ67
A good online site with much more information is: http://www.touregypt.net/bkofdead.htm
Please note that he is unaware of my recommendation of his site and is in no way responsible for the 'covert history' of Egypt in my website.
'Wer' can be combined with the name of any animal to mean a human/animal combination – wer-jaguar; wer-bear; even wer-crocodile. Wer-bat is, of course, just another name for what we usually call a vampire – a human/bat combination.
The word 'wer' can be used by itself to mean a person who is a wer-animal of some sort, or it can mean the wer-animal phenomenon in general. We can write, for instance, 'a master wer' to mean a master werewolf, or a master vampire etc. Or we can write, 'It is almost impossible for wer to spread by accident. The wer virus is not very contagious. Wer must be intentionally inflicted by the sharing of blood, and then carefully nursed to fruition.'
All the wer-animals represent the same phenomenon – a human into whose chromosomes a second genome – an animal's genetic blueprint – has intruded via a viral vector. The virus comes from a mutant strain of rabies called Wepwawet rabies, or simply Wep-rabies (See the navigation tab "The Wer Disease"). The natural host for this virus is the wolf. The wolf which carries this virus is in no way special except that it carries the virus (and therefore has the usual rabies issues, including a heightened killing impulse). This wolf is called a wepwolf (for Wepwawet wolf). This wolf is NOT a werewolf. It is only when the genes from this wolf are transferred, via the virus it hosts, into a human that the human becomes a werewolf.
The word 'wer' does not refer to the animal species which contributes its genome (wolf, bat, jaguar etc). This animal species is referred to as a totem animal (or in the case of the wolf, as a Wepwolf). Wer refers to the combination of the animal genes with human genes.
See also the the navigation bar tab, "The Wer Disease".
In a sense, Wepwolf is to wolf, as 'totem' is to other animals.
Note: normal rabies is a much tamer version of rabies than the WepRabies, which almost seems to have been selected for the virulency of the rabidity it induces. That is, WepRabies intensifies the urge to attack and kill – but not the urge to wound and allow to live. There is no urge at all to spread werewolfism – contrary to what seems to be presented in the Hollywood mystique. This is why the distinction between 'master werewolf' and 'garden variety werewolf' is so important. The master werewolf can control the killing urge (he feels it, but does not obey it). The garden variety is the victim of his own disease and gives rein to any instincts that possess him.
Human-like beings have lived continuously in Egypt for at least 700,000 years. Perhaps even much earlier the Nile Valley may have served as a route for hominids on their great migrations out of Africa – certainly the first true humans passed through this region on their great exoduses whether the ancestors of the Neanderthal or of Java man or of homo sapiens between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago. For much of this time (the Abassian and Mousterian pluvials), Egyptian climate, indeed the entirety of northern Africa, was much more temperate and water-bearing than today, so that many travelers lingered and made that lush land their home. But the earth wobbles on its axis and every 20,000 years or so that wobble sends the monsoons south, causing northern Africa to dry out. The last wobble occurred about 7000 years ago, resulting in the great desert we call the Sahara. This desertification served to drive the various peoples of the formerly lush land east, concentrating them around the only remaining reliable source of fresh water – the Nile. About 5,500 BCE the hunter-gatherer cultures began to give way to ones based on agriculture and domesticated animals. It is not too great a claim to say that the creation of the Sahara gave impetus to the birth of ancient Egypt.
This concentration of peoples inexorably led to organization of ever greater groups of people, giving rise eventually to civilization. Possibly during this time the peoples of Egypt developed embryonic pictograms that lay the foundation for the hieroglyphs.
I append this anecdote - which, in a way, reveals the ambiguity of my happenstance concept. In 1970 I wrote a monograph on Isidore of Seville - who is said to have been the last man who had an encyclopedic grasp of science, history, etc of the world as his culture knew it. (Admittedly in the 6th and 7th centuries there was less to have to know.) In particular I was interested in his Etymologiae - his study of the origins of words. When I got to his claim that the word 'homo', meaning 'man', came from the word 'humus', meaning 'earth' because God created man from clay, I threw his book across the room in disgust (only once since have I treated a book so disrespectfully). Such a statement can only come from such a defective world-view that there is no way to patch it up. Anyway, it is obvious enough that homo (as in 'homo sapiens') and humus (as in 'exhume') have nothing to do with each other.
A couple of decades later, I was browsing through the Indo-European Roots appendix in the American Heritage Dictionary (yeah, that is my idea of fun), when I came across the headword 'dhghem', meaning 'earth'. The suffixed zero-grade form (dh)ghmon, meaning 'earth dweller', gave rise to Old English 'guma' meaning man, as in bridegroom (I don't know where that 'r' came from), and also the Latin homo, meaning man (hominid, homunculus). Needless to say, it gave rise to Latin humus, meaning earth. I had to whisper an apology to the spirit of Isidore. He got it right - for the wrong reasons - but right nonetheless, homo and humus are related. Now what are the odds of that happenstance? Was something cosmic going on? This is a lesson to me that it might be possible to overread coincidences (which do really occur - occasionally) into happenstances (my meaning of the word).
Wepwawet
Symbols: uraeus, king's placenta(?)
Cult Center: Abydos, Lycopolis, Quban, el-Hargarsa, Memphis, Sais
Wepwawet was a jackal-like funerary deity, whose name means "opener of the ways". Unlike Anubis, who was also jackal-like, Wepwawet was shown with a gray or white head. This leads some to believe that he may have originally been associated with the wolf. During the 12th Dynasty, Wepwawet was replaced by Khentyamentiu, a mummiform god, as the god of the Abydos necropolis and then finally by Osiris himself. Wepwawet was the nome god for the 13th nome of Upper Egypt, which the Greeks called "Lycopolis" (Wolf City).
Wepwawet's role was to protect and lead the deceased through the Underworld (hence his name). He also accompanied the king while hunting and while in this capacity was called "the one with the sharp arrow who is more powerful than the gods." Wepwawet was also thought of as a messenger and the champion of royalty. Like Shu, he was said to be "the one who has seperated the sky from the earth."
This is the mutant strain of rabies, responsible for all wer phenomenon from vampires to werewolves to wer-jaguars. Its native host is the wolf, but was only naturally found in the area around the Black Sea, although it is thought that there are now no wild wolves harboring the virus, as Dracula made a dedicated effort to destroy them (or perhaps keeping some in kennels).
The following paragraphs are taken from Sandman's comments in Saragossa – The Vampire Legacy.
"Wepwawet's strain differs from common rabies in several respects. For one thing, it usually passes from blood to blood, saliva being a very rare route of infection. (It can also be passed from mother to child via the blood tie in the womb.) The incubation period is normally shorter – one to two weeks. Also, it is much less deadly than common rabies. A person may carry the virus in weakened form without symptoms, and it is not uncommon for an infected person to survive the coma. A pre-scientific peasant, seeing a person rise up from the coma of a disease he knew to be fatal, or especially observing a victim dig himself from his shallow grave, would naturally spread the story of the living dead.
The most important difference, however, is the degree to which Wepwawet's strain brings with it snippets or strands of the DNA of the previous host – normally a wolf. This is the vector by which wolf DNA is introduced into a human. If much of the wolf genome tags along, this results in the new human host having two, more or less, complete genomes – human and wolf."
With the mutant strain the coma comes on in a matter of days, lasts a week or so and is followed by months more after that until the change."
On the west are Bulgaria and Romania with its Carpathian Mountains, the eastern wing of the great Central Mountain System of Europe, which run a thousand miles along the borders of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia and northern Hungary. They are low and tame compared with the Alps, mostly under 2,500 meters and do not have glaciers. But they have splendid forestation and wild life – not to mention being the home of limitless myths of vampires.
To the north and west lie the Ukraine, Russia and Georgia and the great steppes.
Somewhere around the shoreline of the Black Sea is the likely homeland of the original speakers of what is called Proto-Indo-European, the mother of the languages of perhaps three billion of today's people. The exact location is not terribly important for us, because of the easy mobility around the shore or over the Black Sea itself. It has also been a rewarding homeland for wolves, which can travel from the steppes to the Carpathians unhindered. Here also was a fertile breeding ground for rabies, and, without doubt, the nursery for the mutant strain of rabies called Wepwawet's rabies. Here, somewhat inland, on the northern west shore in or around the land now called Romania, was the homeland since time immemorial for the family of Vlad Dracula, called Vlad the Impaler. (See his tab in the navigation menu.) And here with certainty was the haunts for at least the last ten thousand years of Aarrgh, for no other place offered the confluence of elements he needed to carry out his dual breeding programs of virus (in the wolf host) and human bloodline tailored to host Aarrgh himself in due time. (See the "Aarrgh" tab in the navigation menu.)
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Deshret, Pschent and Hedjet |
It is more common to see pictures of a pharaoh wearing one of the single crowns. There is some speculation that hedjet might have been inspired by cranial deformation among the Egyptian royalty. It is nearly certain that hedjet inspired cranial deformation among the Olmec royalty.
But the fact is that cranial deformation, both intention and 'natural', has been astonishingly wide spread over millennia. Here is a link for an interesting (and controversial) site with some astonishing photos of skulls showing what is called dolichocephaloidy ('coneheadedness'). The site (although not the article), does not seem very friendly to Darwin (whom I consider one of the great genius of the 19th Century), but it is really quite fascinating, and does mention the Olmec practice of cranial deformation. It also alludes to natural coneheadedness in Egypt, including an intriguing photo of a sculpture of a daughter of Akhenaten, showing amazing natural dolichocephaloidy.
In short, this brings up the possibility that hedjet, the white crown of Upper Egypt was inspired by natural deformations among the ruling class, and in turn inspired unnatural cranial deformations among people's who held Egypt (or Anubis) in awe. I have no opinion one way or the other about this.
The link: http://www.biped.info/articles/missingrace.html
Okay, that link now seems to be defunct, so here is another with the following photo (I do not claim to know if it is real or not):
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Dolichocephaloid skull |
http://www.desertfoxoverland.co.uk/malta_-_dolichocephaloids.HTM
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Hedjet | One of Akhenaten's daughters | Cone-headed inspired Hedjet |
Clear views of the hedjet crown, including a stone sculpture of a pharoah wearing it, show how the crown resembles dolichocephaloidy, or 'pointy-headedness'.
A more mainstream, scientific article (lacking, alas, the wonderful photos of the previous link) on the subject can be found at: http://www.med.uottawa.ca/medweb/hetenyi/kumar.htm EXPLOITING THE PLASTICITY OF BONE: A DISCUSSION IN THREE PARADIGMS by Ashesh Kumar M.Sc., Summer 2002